What might happen if drug levels are not monitored properly in therapeutic drug monitoring?

In therapeutic drug monitoring, the primary goal is to ensure that drug levels within the body remain within a specific therapeutic range, which is critical for the effectiveness and safety of the medication. If drug levels are not monitored properly, it can lead to either toxicity or reduced effectiveness of the drug.

When drug levels are too high, this can result in toxicity, where the body experiences adverse effects due to excessive amounts of the drug. Symptoms of toxicity can vary widely depending on the medication but may include serious health complications that might require medical intervention. Conversely, if drug levels are too low, it can lead to reduced effectiveness, meaning that the patient may not receive the intended therapeutic benefits, and their condition may not improve as expected.

The vital nature of monitoring drug levels highlights the importance of balancing efficacy with safety to provide the best outcomes for patients. This option emphasizes the critical need for careful management of drug therapy to avoid potential complications associated with both over-medication and under-medication.